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State of CSS 2024

Metadata

Additional metadata collected about respondents.

Language

The language respondents selected to fill out the survey.

0%
16%
33%
49%
65%
82%
1

Englisch

7,945
2

Russisch

320
3

Spanisch

298
4

Französisch

238
5

Deutsch

233
6

Japanisch

104
7

Vereinfachtes Chinesisch

86
8

Polnisch

45
9

Niederländisch

39
10

Chinesisch (traditionell)

29
11

No Answer

369
0%
16%
33%
49%
65%
82%
% of survey respondents
9,337
96%

Survey Completion

The proportion of the survey filled out by respondents.

0%
12%
23%
35%
46%
58%
1

0-10%

204
2

10-20%

1,046
3

20-30%

646
4

30-40%

226
5

40-50%

133
6

50-60%

111
7

60-70%

43
8

70-80%

145
9

80-90%

264
10

90-100%

5,593
11

100

1,290
12

No Answer

5
0%
12%
23%
35%
46%
58%
% of survey respondents
9,701
100%
78%
97%

Authentication

Whether respondents signed in or filled out the survey as guests.

0%
11%
21%
32%
43%
53%
1

Guest Account

5,178
2

Logged-in Account

4,514
3

No Answer

14
0%
11%
21%
32%
43%
53%
% of survey respondents
9,692
100%

Device

What device was used to take the survey.

0%
8%
17%
25%
34%
42%
1

Desktop

2

Mobile

3

Tablet

4

No Answer

0%
8%
17%
25%
34%
42%
% of survey respondents
5,662
58%

Browser

What browser was used to take the survey.

0%
8%
17%
25%
33%
42%
1

Chrome

2

Firefox

3

Safari

4

Microsoft Edge

5

Opera

6

Yandex Browser

7

Samsung Internet for Android

8

No Answer

9

Other Answers

Answers matching “Other Answers” 3
0%
8%
17%
25%
33%
42%
% of survey respondents
5,668
58%

OS

What OS version was used to take the survey.

0%
8%
17%
25%
33%
42%
1

macOS

2

Windows

3

iOS

4

Android

5

Linux

6

No Answer

7

Other Answers

Answers matching “Other Answers” 6
0%
8%
17%
25%
33%
42%
% of survey respondents
5,668
58%

user_metadata.past_surveys

0%
17%
33%
50%
67%
83%
1

State of JavaScript

1,086
2

State of CSS

910
3

State of HTML

819
4

State of React

389
5

State of GraphQL

53
6

Cutoff Answers

3
7

No Answer

8,078
0%
17%
33%
50%
67%
83%
% of survey respondents
1,625
17%

user_metadata.past_same_survey_count

0%
14%
29%
43%
58%
72%
1

0

1,787
2

1

546
3

2

172
4

3

118
5

4

74
6

No Answer

7,009
0%
14%
29%
43%
58%
72%
% of survey respondents
2,697
28%

Responses Over Time

Chronological breakdown of when responses were collected.

0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
08/19
08/22
08/25
08/28
08/31
09/03
09/06
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
Anzahl
4,907
51%

Source

How respondents found out about the survey

0%
15%
30%
46%
61%
76%
1

Workplace

2

State of CSS

3

Mastodon

4

Twitter/X

5

6

Web Standards

7

8

Frontend Focus

9

YouTube

10

Word of Mouth

0%
15%
30%
46%
61%
76%
% of survey respondents
Respondent source is computed based on referrer data, URL tracking data, and self-reported answers.
8,359
86%